Ancient Egypt

The ancient Egyptian civilization, one of the oldest in history, lasted for over 3000 years, during which it spread its influence far and wide. Some archaeologists, indeed, claim to see in all other civilizations signs of an Egyptian origin. It is universally agreed, however, that in technical arts Egyptian workers pointed the way to the rest of the world, and it is to them that all must turn for the first discovery of those facts that made science possible. 

There was evidence of Chemistry (Alchemy), and Metallurgy. Even as early as 3400 B.C., at the beginning of the historical period, the Egyptians had an intimate knowledge of copper ores and of processes of extracting the metal, and preparing all the pigments they used on the tomb walls.

Glass making is of very ancient origin with the Egyptians, as is evident from the glass jars, figures and ornaments discovered in the tombs. The paintings on the tombs have been interpreted as descriptive of the process of glass blowing.

The beginning of the arts of weaving and dyeing are lost in antiquity. Mummy cloths of varying degrees of fitness, still evidencing the dyer’s skill, are preserved in many museums. 

The historical period is divided for the sake of convenience into thirty Dynasties, each of which corresponds to a different royal House. So little is known about the first two Dynasties that they are frequently either classed together as Protodynastic, or grouped with the late predynastic period, the whole being called Archaic. 

With the Third Dynasty began the old Kingdom or Pyramid Age, as it is sometimes called, which lasted until the end of Sixth Dynasty.  

7000 Year Timeline for Egypt